Our Growing Region: Italy
The origin of bergamot citrus can be traced back to Southeast Asia, where it is believed to have originated as a hybrid between lemon and bitter orange. It was then introduced to Calabria, Italy, in the 17th century. The region's optimal climate, fertile soil, and proximity to the Ionian Sea created ideal growing conditions for the bergamot tree, leading to its cultivation and subsequent importance in Calabria.
Bergamot oil, derived from the peel of the bergamot fruit, has found its way into various aspects of human consumption and production. One of the most well-known uses of bergamot oil is in tea. The essential oil is commonly used to flavor Earl Grey tea, giving it its distinctive citrusy and floral aroma. This infusion of bergamot oil adds a refreshing and aromatic quality to the tea, making it a beloved favorite worldwide.
In medicine, bergamot oil has been traditionally used for various purposes. It is believed to possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Research has shown that bergamot oil may have potential cholesterol-lowering effects. Studies have found that the bioactive compounds in bergamot oil, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, may help to reduce total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, while increasing HDL cholesterol levels. These effects may contribute to supporting heart health and maintaining healthy cholesterol levels.
Bergamot oil is also used in the culinary world. The zest and juice of bergamot fruit are used to flavor a variety of foods, including desserts, jams, marmalades, sauces, and even some savory dishes. The unique taste profile of bergamot, with its tangy, sour, and slightly bitter notes, adds a delightful twist to culinary creations, imparting a distinct citrus flavor.
Furthermore, bergamot oil is a key ingredient in alcoholic spirits. It is commonly used in classic cocktails like the Earl Grey Martini and the Bergamot Sour. The citrusy and aromatic profile of bergamot oil adds complexity and depth to these beverages, enhancing the overall drinking experience.
While bergamot essential oil is commonly used and studied for its health benefits, bergamot pressed juice has recently gained popularity as a digestive drink. Bergamot pressed juice includes the juice from the pulp of the fruit and contains some of the nutrients and antioxidants found in the fruit. Some research suggests that bergamot juice may have potential benefits for supporting healthy cholesterol levels. A study published in the Journal of Functional Foods found that daily consumption of bergamot juice for one month resulted in significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, while increasing HDL cholesterol levels in individuals with high cholesterol. However, more research is needed to further explore and confirm these potential benefits.
In summary, bergamot citrus became established as an important crop for Calabria due to its introduction from Southeast Asia and the region's favorable growing conditions. Bergamot oil is widely used in tea, medicine, foods, and alcoholic spirits, adding its distinct citrusy and floral notes. The essential oil of bergamot has been studied for its potential to support healthy cholesterol levels, while bergamot pressed juice has gained popularity as a digestive drink with some research suggesting its potential cholesterol-lowering effects.
